I’ve built a number of storage shelf solutions, built-in and free-standing. I’m a maximizer, so I like to model the shelf space with detailed dimensions where it’s helpful to strategize ideal bin or section sizes tailored to planned use. And I’ll tailor structural members to maximize for efficiency, or include steel reinforcement if space is at a premium. Build it plenty strong for the use case, but not too thick or overbuilt to waste space. Some examples following: